According to the main purpose of designing rubber formulas, formulas can be divided into basic formulas, performance formulas, and practical formulas.
1、 Basic formula
Basic formula, also known as standard formula, is generally designed for the purpose of identifying raw rubber and additives. When a new type of rubber and compounding agent appears, its basic processing performance and physical and mechanical properties are tested. The principle of its design is to use traditional and classic mix proportions for comparison; The formula should be simplified as much as possible with good reproducibility.
The basic formula only includes the most basic components, and the rubber material composed of these basic components can reflect both the basic process performance of the rubber material and the basic physical and mechanical properties of the vulcanized rubber. It can be said that these basic components are indispensable. On the basis of the basic formula, gradually improve, optimize, and adjust to obtain a formula with certain performance requirements. The basic formulas of different departments are often different, but the basic formulas of the same adhesive are basically the same.
The basic formulas for self reinforcing rubbers such as natural rubber (NR), isoprene rubber (IR), and chloroprene rubber (CR) can be formulated with pure rubber without reinforcing fillers (reinforcing agents), while for pure rubber without self reinforcing synthetic rubber (such as butadiene styrene rubber, ethylene propylene rubber, etc.), their physical and mechanical properties are low and impractical, so reinforcing fillers (reinforcing agents) need to be added.
The most representative basic formula example currently is the basic formula for various types of rubber proposed using ASTTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) as the standard.
The standard formula specified by ASTM and the basic formula proposed by synthetic rubber factories are of great reference value. It is best to develop a basic formula based on the specific situation of the unit and the accumulated experience data of the unit. Attention should also be paid to analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of the formulas used in the current production of similar products, while also considering the application of new technologies in the production process of new products and formula improvement.
2、 Performance formula
Performance formula, also known as technical formula. A formula designed to meet certain performance requirements, with the aim of meeting product performance and process requirements, and improving certain characteristics.
The performance formula can comprehensively consider the combination of various properties on the basis of the basic formula, in order to meet the requirements of product usage conditions. The experimental formula usually used in product development is the performance formula, which is the most commonly used formula by formula designers.
3、 Practical formula
Practical formula, also known as production formula, is a formula designed for a specific product.
Practical formulas should comprehensively consider factors such as usability, process performance, cost, and equipment conditions. The selected practical formula should be able to meet industrial production conditions, achieving the best balance between product performance, cost, and production process.
The experimental results of formulas developed under laboratory conditions may not necessarily be the final results. Often, there may be some technical difficulties when put into production, such as short coking time, poor extrusion performance, rolling adhesive rollers, etc. This requires further adjustment of the formula without changing the basic performance conditions.
Sometimes it is necessary to adjust the process performance by slightly reducing the physical and mechanical performance and usage performance, which means making a compromise between physical and mechanical performance, usage performance, process performance, and economy, but the bottom line is to meet the minimum requirements. The process performance of rubber materials, although an important factor, is not the absolute only factor, often determined by technological development conditions.
The continuous improvement of production processes and equipment technology will expand the adaptability of rubber materials, such as accurate temperature control and the establishment of automated continuous production processes, making it possible for us to process rubber materials that were previously considered to have poor process performance. However, in the research and application of a certain formula, specific production conditions and current process requirements must be considered.
In other words, the formula designer should not only be responsible for the quality of the finished product, but also fully consider the applicability of the formula in various production processes under existing conditions.
Post time: Mar-19-2024
